PCCSE Sample Questions Answers

To configure serverless scanning in a cloud security platform like Prisma Cloud, the system needs to know where (Region) the serverless functions are deployed, how to access them (Credential), and on which cloud platform they are running (Provider). These settings ensure that the scanning tool can accurately locate and authenticate to the serverless functions across different cloud environments for vulnerability assessment. This aligns with the principle of providing comprehensive visibility and consistent security across multi-cloud environments as outlined in the "Guide to Cloud Security Posture Management Tools" document​​.

In the context of calculating net effective permissions for a resource in AWS, IPTables firewall rule is not used. Net effective permissions in AWS are determined by evaluating various AWS-specific mechanisms such as IAM policies, permission boundaries, and service control policies (SCPs). IAM policies define what actions are allowed or denied for various AWS resources. Permission boundaries provide a way to delegate administration for IAM entities, setting the maximum permissions that an IAM entity can have. SCPs are part of AWS Organizations and allow for central control over the maximum available permissions for all accounts within an organization. IPTables, on the other hand, is a Linux-based application for setting up firewall rules on individual hosts and is not directly related to AWS resource permissions. Therefore, IPTables firewall rules are not considered when calculating net effective permissions in AWS, making option C the correct answer.

When the Console is unreachable during upgrades, Defenders continue to alert and enforce using the policies and settings most recently cached before the upgrade (option D). This behavior ensures that security enforcement remains active and consistent, even when the central management console is temporarily unavailable. The cached policies enable Defenders to maintain the security posture based on the last known configuration, ensuring continuous protection against threats and compliance with established security policies. This approach reflects Prisma Cloud's design principle of ensuring uninterrupted security enforcement, thereby safeguarding the environment against potential vulnerabilities during maintenance periods.

To authenticate to Prisma Cloud Enterprise programmatically, the use of an access key is the most suitable method among the given options. Access keys, typically consisting of an Access Key ID and Secret Access Key, are used for programmatic calls to the Prisma Cloud API. This method enables secure, authenticated API requests to Prisma Cloud services without requiring manual user intervention, which is essential for automation and integration with CI/CD pipelines.

Reference to the use of access keys for programmatic access can often be found in the API documentation of cloud security platforms like Prisma Cloud. While specific documentation from Prisma Cloud is not directly quoted here, the general practice across cloud services (AWS, Azure, GCP) supports the use of access keys for API authentication, making it a verified approach for Prisma Cloud as well.

In the context of Prisma Cloud, Build and Run policies serve distinct purposes in securing cloud environments. Build policies are designed to evaluate Infrastructure as Code (IaC) templates before deployment. These policies help identify and remediate security misconfigurations in the development phase, ensuring that vulnerabilities are addressed before the infrastructure is provisioned. This proactive approach enhances security by preventing misconfigurations from reaching production environments.

On the other hand, Run policies are applied to resources that are already deployed in the cloud. These policies continuously monitor the cloud environment, detecting and alerting on potential security issues that arise in the runtime. Run policies help maintain the security posture of cloud resources by identifying deviations from established security baselines and enabling quick remediation of identified issues.

Both Build and Run policies are integral to a comprehensive cloud security strategy, addressing security concerns at different stages of the cloud resource lifecycle—from development and deployment to ongoing operation.

1. Post /Login 2. Get /report 3. Get report/id/download

The purpose of Incident Explorer in Prisma Cloud Compute under the "Monitor" section is to provide a comprehensive view of incidents by correlating individual events. This helps identify potential attacks through a sequence of processes, file system, and network events, thereby giving a complete picture of an incident's timeline and impact.

https://docs.prismacloud.io/en/classic/compute-admin-guide/runtime-defense/incident-explorer

Prisma Cloud Code Security is designed to integrate security into the DevOps process by scanning infrastructure as code (IaC) templates and configurations for potential security issues. This proactive approach allows developers and security teams to address misconfigurations and vulnerabilities in the code itself, before they are deployed into the cloud environment and become more challenging to resolve. By identifying and rectifying these issues early in the development lifecycle, organizations can reduce the risk of alerts and incidents arising from misconfigurations in their cloud infrastructure, leading to a more secure and compliant cloud environment.

The runtime audit message indicating "DNS resolution of suspicious name wikipedia.com. type A" would appear as an audit because the DNS was not learned as part of the Container model or added to the DNS allow list (option A). In cloud security platforms like Prisma Cloud, runtime protection policies monitor the behavior of running containers and compare it against a learned model of expected behavior. If a container attempts to resolve a DNS name that was not observed during the learning phase or specifically allowed, it triggers an audit event to alert security teams of potentially malicious activity.

To use the automated method within Azure Cloud for streamlining the process of using remediation in the identity and access management (IAM) module, the required actions include configuring the IAM Azure remediation script, integrating with Azure Service Bus, and installing the azure.servicebus & requests library. These steps ensure that the automated remediation system can communicate effectively with Azure services, execute the necessary remediation actions, and address IAM-related alerts by adjusting permissions and access controls as needed. This automation helps maintain a secure and compliant cloud environment by promptly addressing potential IAM issues.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin/prisma-cloud-iam-security/remediate-alerts-for-iam-security

Regarding the use of access keys, it is correct that up to two access keys can be active at any time for a single IAM user in AWS, and access keys are used for programmatic API calls to AWS services. This allows for rotation of keys without immediate invalidation of the old key and ensures secure access to AWS services via APIs.

When an administrator adds a Cloud account to Prisma Cloud and then deletes it, if the deleted account is added back to Prisma Cloud within a 24-hour period, the existing alerts associated with that account will be displayed again. This behavior ensures continuity in monitoring and alerting, allowing security teams to retain visibility into potential security issues or compliance violations associated with the cloud account. Re-displaying existing alerts helps maintain a consistent security posture and ensures that no critical alerts are overlooked during the re-addition process.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin/manage-prisma-cloud-alerts/view-respond-to-prisma-cloud-alerts

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/20-09/prisma-cloud-compute-edition-admin/upgrade/upgrade_process

Prisma Cloud Compute Compliance enforcement for hosts covers several aspects to ensure a secure and compliant host environment, particularly within containerized environments. These include:

• Docker daemon configuration files: Ensuring that Docker daemon configuration files are set up according to best security practices is crucial. These files contain various settings that control the behavior of the Docker daemon, and misconfigurations can lead to security vulnerabilities.
• Docker daemon configuration: Beyond just the configuration files, the overall configuration of the Docker daemon itself is critical. This encompasses runtime settings and command-line options that determine how Docker containers are executed and managed on the host.
• Host configuration: The security of the underlying host on which Docker and other container runtimes are installed is paramount. This includes the configuration of the host's operating system, network settings, file permissions, and other system-level settings that can impact the security of the containerized applications running on top.

By focusing on these areas, Prisma Cloud ensures that not just the containers but also the environment they run in is secure, adhering to compliance standards and best practices to mitigate risks associated with containerized deployments.

To protect the pods hosting a web front end from Layer 7 attacks, the development team should create a Web Application and API Security (WAAS) rule targeted at the image name of the pods. This approach allows the policy to specifically protect the applications running within the pods against sophisticated attacks that target the application layer.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/waas/deploy_waas

While agentless scanning in Prisma Cloud can effectively assess various risks in cloud environments, including host compliance and vulnerabilities, it does not extend to container runtime risks. To inspect risks associated with container runtimes, such as real-time threat detection, behavioral monitoring, and deep visibility into container activity, deploying Prisma Cloud Defenders is necessary. These Defenders are lightweight agents that provide an additional layer of security by monitoring containerized applications in real-time, thereby offering comprehensive protection against threats that may arise during the runtime phase of containers.

In a Kubernetes environment, the Admission Controller is a critical component responsible for approving, modifying, or rejecting administrative requests before they are processed by the Kubernetes API server. The Admission Controller acts as a gatekeeper, enforcing governance and policy controls by evaluating requests against a set of predefined rules and policies. It can validate and mutate requests, ensuring that only compliant and authorized changes are allowed to proceed. This capability is vital for maintaining the security and integrity of the Kubernetes cluster, as it can prevent unauthorized or potentially harmful actions from being executed, thus playing a key role in the cluster's overall security posture.

Based on the information available in the provided documents, specifically from the "code-to-cloud-intelligence (1).pdf", Prisma Cloud by Palo Alto Networks offers integration with multiple cloud service providers. While the document does not explicitly mention the ability to receive new API release information for Prisma Cloud, it does list integrations with various cloud service providers such as AWS, Azure, Google Cloud (GCP), Oracle Cloud, and Alibaba Cloud. Therefore, the answer would be C: AWS, Azure, GCP, Oracle, Alibaba.

https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/blogs/what-is-changing-for-ci-cd-plugins/ba-p/461676

Prisma Cloud has announced changes to its CI/CD plugins due to the acquisition of Bridgecrew1. The existing IaC functionality in Prisma Cloud will be replaced by a Prisma “cloud code security” (CCS) module that delivers Bridgecrew integration in Prisma Cloud1. As part of this change, several CI/CD plugins that Prisma Cloud currently uses will either be replaced or modified1.

According to the information from the link, both Checkov and CircleCI are listed as integrations that will switch to the Prisma “cloud code security” (CCS) module1. Checkov is an open-source command-line interface (CLI) utility that includes more than 750 predefined policies and supports custom policies1. CircleCI is a continuous integration and continuous delivery platform1.

Prisma Cloud supports configuring Single Sign-On (SSO) with Identity Providers (IdPs) to streamline user authentication processes. However, for all the cloud accounts monitored by Prisma Cloud, only one IdP provider can be enabled at any given time. This limitation ensures a unified authentication mechanism across the platform, reducing complexity and potential security risks associated with managing multiple IdP configurations.

The asset inventory in cloud security platforms like Prisma Cloud typically displays a wide range of cloud resources, including EC2 instances. EC2 instances are virtual servers in Amazon's Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) for running applications on the Amazon Web Services (AWS) infrastructure. The asset inventory provides visibility into these instances, allowing security teams to monitor their configuration, security posture, and compliance status. This visibility is crucial for identifying misconfigurations, vulnerabilities, and ensuring that all EC2 instances adhere to the organization's security policies and compliance requirements.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin/prisma-cloud-dashboards/asset-inventory

When creating a vulnerability policy for continuous integration within Prisma Cloud, the scope of the policy can include specific resources that are critical to the CI/CD pipeline, such as images and containers. These resources are central to the development and deployment processes in containerized environments. By focusing on images and containers, the policy can effectively identify and address vulnerabilities that might be present in container images before they are deployed or in running containers, thereby enhancing the security of the continuous integration and deployment pipeline. This approach ensures that only secure, compliant container images are used in production, reducing the risk of vulnerabilities being exploited.

To onboard an AWS account into Prisma Cloud for the purpose of monitoring resource configurations, the necessary information includes the Role ARN (Amazon Resource Name) and CloudTrail setup. The Role ARN (Option E) is crucial because Prisma Cloud requires permission to access and monitor resources within the AWS account, which is facilitated through an IAM role that Prisma Cloud can assume. This IAM role must have the necessary permissions to access AWS services and resources that Prisma Cloud needs to monitor. CloudTrail (Option A) is essential for auditing and monitoring API calls within the AWS environment, including those related to resource configurations. It provides visibility into user and resource activity by recording API calls made on the account. CloudTrail logs are used by Prisma Cloud to detect changes in resource configurations and ensure compliance with security policies. Subscription ID (Option B) and Active Directory ID (Option C) are more relevant to Azure cloud environments, not AWS. External ID (Option D) is used in a cross-account role trust relationship to prevent the "confused deputy" problem, but it's not specifically required just to onboard the account for resource configuration monitoring.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/access_control/rbac

https://prismacloud.ideas.aha.io/ideas

To submit an external new feature request for Prisma Cloud, users can utilize the Aha platform. By accessing the Palo Alto Networks Aha portal, users can submit their feature requests, suggest enhancements, and contribute to shaping the future of Prisma Cloud. Aha provides a structured way to collect and prioritize customer feedback, ensuring that valuable insights reach the product development teams.

For those seeking to propose new features or improvements, visiting the Aha portal and submitting their ideas is the recommended approach. It allows users to participate in the ongoing evolution of Prisma Cloud by sharing their requirements and vision for the platform

Enabling anomalous compute provisioning in Prisma Cloud allows for the detection of unusual and potentially unauthorized activities related to the creation of compute instances. This feature is particularly useful for identifying scenarios where an unauthorized network of compute instances might be established, either accidentally due to misconfigurations or maliciously for purposes such as cryptojacking. Cryptojacking involves the unauthorized use of someone else's compute resources to mine cryptocurrency, and anomalous compute provisioning can help in identifying such activities by highlighting unusual patterns in the provisioning of compute resources.

CloudFormation templates, used to describe and provision all the infrastructure resources in cloud environments, support various elements including resources, mappings, parameters, and outputs. However, scan support for CloudFormation templates does not currently exist for nested references, macros, or intrinsic functions (option A). These advanced CloudFormation features can introduce complexity in scanning and interpreting the templates accurately for security and compliance checks.

To utilize the automated method for remediation within the Amazon Web Services (AWS) Cloud, specifically for the Identity and Access Management (IAM) module, two critical actions are required: installing the boto3 and requests libraries, and configuring the IAM AWS remediation script.

The boto3 library is AWS's SDK for Python, allowing Python developers to write software that makes use of services like Amazon S3 and Amazon EC2. The requests library is a Python HTTP library designed for human beings, enabling easy interaction with HTTP services. Together, these libraries are foundational for scripting AWS services, including automating remediation tasks within IAM.

Configuring the IAM AWS remediation script is the second critical step. This script is tailored to interact with AWS IAM to automate the remediation of identified security issues, such as excessive permissions, unused IAM roles, or improperly configured policies. The script uses the boto3 library to communicate with AWS services, applying the necessary changes to align IAM configurations with security best practices.

These actions are essential for leveraging automation to enhance IAM security within AWS, ensuring that IAM configurations adhere to the principle of least privilege and other security best practices. This approach aligns with Prisma Cloud's capabilities and recommendations for cloud security, emphasizing the importance of automation in maintaining a robust security posture, as discussed in resources like the "Prisma Cloud Visibility and Control Qualification Guide" and the "Guide to Cloud Security Posture Management Tools."

References:

• "Prisma Cloud Visibility and Control Qualification Guide" highlights the significance of automated security controls and remediation within cloud environments, supporting the use of scripts and libraries for IAM remediation in AWS.
• "Guide to Cloud Security Posture Management Tools" emphasizes the importance of automation in cloud security, particularly for managing and remediating IAM configurations to ensure compliance and minimize risks.

The following curl command creates a single rule compliance policy for container images scanned in the CI pipeline: curl 'https:// /api/v/policies/compliance/cihttps://www.dumpspedia.com/images' \

In the context of Prisma Cloud, the policy type that is specifically designed to detect unusual activities, such as port scanning, within a customer's environment is classified under "Anomaly." Anomaly-based policies leverage advanced analytics and machine learning algorithms to identify patterns and behaviors that deviate from the norm, which could indicate potential security threats like port scanning attempts. By detecting such anomalies, these policies help organizations proactively identify and respond to potential reconnaissance activities by attackers seeking to discover open ports and vulnerable services.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/audit/audit_admin_activity

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/continuous_integration/jenkins_plugin.html

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/continuous_integration/jenkins_pipeline_project

To scan container images in Jenkins pipelines, Prisma Cloud offers two specific tools:

• D. Twistcli: This is a command-line interface tool provided by Prisma Cloud that allows users to scan container images for vulnerabilities and compliance issues. It can be integrated into Jenkins pipelines to automate the scanning process as part of the CI/CD workflow1.
• E. Compute Jenkins plugin: This plugin integrates Prisma Cloud’s capabilities directly into Jenkins, enabling automated scanning of container images during the build process. It provides a seamless way to include security checks within the Jenkins pipeline1.

Both Twistcli and the Compute Jenkins plugin are designed to work within the Jenkins environment to ensure that container images are scanned for security risks before they are deployed. By integrating these tools into the pipeline, developers can identify and address vulnerabilities early in the development cycle, contributing to a more secure software delivery process

To specifically target running containers with a Cloud Native Application Framework (CNAF) policy in Prisma Cloud, the administrator should scope the policy to Image names. By doing so, the policy will apply to containers based on the images they were created from, allowing for precise targeting of security policies to specific containers. This approach is part of Prisma Cloud's capabilities to provide granular security controls for containerized environments, ensuring that policies are effectively applied to the relevant containers​​.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/waas/deploy_waas/deployment_containers

In Prisma Cloud, the "Monitor > Compliance" menu is the centralized location where administrators can verify the status of custom compliance checks, along with predefined compliance standards and frameworks. This section provides a comprehensive view of the organization's compliance posture, displaying whether specific compliance checks are passing or failing. It allows for detailed insights into compliance status across cloud environments, helping administrators identify areas of non-compliance, understand the reasons behind compliance failures, and take corrective actions to address any identified issues.

Prisma Cloud, part of Palo Alto Networks' cloud security suite, offers Console images that can be retrieved for deployment in various environments. The correct process for obtaining these images involves using basic authentication with Docker, a widely-used containerization platform. Users must first access the official Palo Alto Networks registry at registry.paloaltonetworks.com. Here, they are required to authenticate using the "docker login" command, which prompts for credentials. Upon successful authentication, users can then use the "docker pull" command to retrieve the Prisma Cloud Console images. This method ensures secure access to the latest Console images for deployment within an organization's infrastructure, aligning with best practices for container image management and deployment.

https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/prisma-cloud/cloud-iac-build-policies/

When setting up Single Sign-On (SSO) in Prisma Cloud on the Identity Provider (IdP) side, it is essential to configure the Assertion Consumer Service (ACS) URL and the Service Provider (SP) Entity ID. The ACS URL is the endpoint to which the IdP will send the SAML assertion, and the SP Entity ID is a unique identifier for the service provider that often resembles a URL but does not necessarily point to a location. These elements are crucial for establishing the trust relationship between the IdP and the service provider, enabling secure user authentication and authorization.

Kubernetes, Openshift, ECS https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/install/deploy-defender/orchestrator

Prisma Cloud supports integration with multiple orchestrators to facilitate the deployment of its Defender component in various environments. The supported orchestrators include Red Hat OpenShift, Amazon ECS, and Kubernetes. These platforms are supported because they provide robust environments for container orchestration, allowing Prisma Cloud to efficiently manage security operations across different cloud-native technologies.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/19-11/prisma-cloud-compute-edition-admin/firewalls/deploy_cnaf

When configuring Cloud Native Application Firewall (CNAF) rules, the specified port should be the one where the container itself listens for web traffic. In this scenario, since the NGINX container is listening on port 8080, the CNAF rule should be configured to protect traffic on port 8080. This ensures that the firewall rule is applied to the traffic intended for the container, regardless of the port mapping on the host.

The documentation from Palo Alto Networks provides guidance on deploying CNAF and specifies that the port in the firewall rule should match the container’s listening port, not the host’s mapped port. This is an important distinction for properly securing containerized applications with CNAF.

In Prisma Cloud, assigning an administrative user to an account group is a way to implement the principle of least privilege by restricting the user's access to a specific subset of resources and data. Account groups are logical collections of cloud accounts, and by associating an administrative user with a particular account group, their access is limited to only those resources and data associated with the cloud accounts within that group. This mechanism ensures that users have access only to the information and resources necessary for their role or tasks, enhancing security by minimizing the potential for unauthorized access or actions within the cloud environment.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin/configure-external-integrations-on-prisma-cloud#id24911ff9-c9ec-4503-bb3a-6cfce792a70d

https://docs.prismacloud.io/en/classic/cspm-admin-guide/prisma-cloud-iam-security/context-used-to-calculate-effective-permissions

AZURE:

% export SB_QUEUE_KEY=your_sb_queue_key

% export SB_QUEUE_KEY_NAME=your_sb_queue_key_name

% export SB_QUEUE_NAME_SPACE=your_sb_queue_name_space

% export API_ENDPOINT=api_tenant

% export AUTH_KEY=your_jwt_tokenhttps://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin/prisma-cloud-iam-security/remediate-alerts-for-iam-security

In Prisma Cloud, the list of people who are receiving e-mails for alerts is managed within the configuration of individual Alert Rules.

• Option D: Set Alert Notification section within an Alert Rule is where administrators can specify the e-mail recipients for alerts generated by Prisma Cloud. This section allows for the customization of alert notifications, including the selection of recipients who should receive email notifications when an alert is triggered. This granularity ensures that the right stakeholders are informed about specific security incidents or compliance violations, facilitating timely and appropriate responses.

References:

• Prisma Cloud Alert Configuration Documentation: Details the process of setting up alert rules in Prisma Cloud, including how to configure notification settings and specify recipients for email alerts.
• Alert Management Best Practices: Offers insights into effective alert management strategies, highlighting the importance of targeted alert notifications in ensuring that critical security information reaches the relevant parties promptly.

"you can also create configuration policies to scan your Infrastructure as Code (IaC) templates that are used to deploy cloud resources. The policies used for scanning IaC templates use a JSON query instead of RQL."

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin/prisma-cloud-policies/create-a-policy

To investigate the runtime aspects of a potential data exfiltration attempt, the SecOps lead in Prisma Cloud Compute should focus on areas that provide insights into runtime activity and potential threats. C. The SecOps lead should use the Incident Explorer page and Monitor > Events > Container Audits. These sections provide detailed information on security incidents and container-level activities, enabling a thorough investigation into the runtime behavior that might indicate a security issue.

In the context of DoS protection, enforcing a rate limit is a common strategy to prevent abuse and ensure service availability. The scenario described involves limiting the rate at which users can post ".tar.gz" files to five within five seconds. The correct ban configuration for this requirement would be one that specifies an average rate of 5 with a file extension match on “.tar.gz" within the Web Application and API Security (WAAS) component of a security solution like Prisma Cloud. WAAS is designed to protect web applications and APIs from various threats, including DoS attacks, by applying policies that can limit actions based on specific criteria, such as file types and request rates. This configuration ensures that any attempt to upload more than five ".tar.gz" files within a five-second window would be detected and blocked, mitigating the risk of DoS attacks targeting this particular file upload functionality.

To automate vulnerability scanning for images deployed to Fargate, the customer should set up a vulnerability scanner on the container registry where the images are stored before they are deployed. By scanning the images in the registry, any vulnerabilities can be identified and addressed before the images are used to create Fargate tasks. This proactive approach to vulnerability management is crucial in cloud-native environments to ensure that deployed containers are free from known vulnerabilities​​.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/vulnerability_management/serverless_functions You can also use the twistcli command line utility to scan your serverless functions. First download your serverless function as a ZIP file, then run: $ twistcli serverless scan

Prisma Cloud, developed by Palo Alto Networks, is known for its comprehensive cloud security capabilities across various cloud service providers (CSPs). The integration and support extend to major CSPs, including AWS (Amazon Web Services), Azure (Microsoft's Cloud), GCP (Google Cloud Platform), Oracle Cloud, and Alibaba Cloud. This wide range of support ensures that organizations leveraging multi-cloud environments can maintain consistent security postures across all their cloud assets. The information regarding supported CSPs by Prisma Cloud can typically be found in their official documentation and release notes, which detail the features, integrations, and enhancements specific to each CSP.

The response from Jihe would be correct if this wasn't be run from within the container. In the question, we are running from inside the container, and therefor there is no need to specify an image/tarball. https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/tools/twistcli_scan_image Further down in the documentation linked by Jihe, there is a section that shows the proper syntax when running twistcli from within a container. The example there is almost a perfect copy of this question. Spippolo has the correct response.

$ docker run \

-v /PATH/TO/TWISTCLI_DIR:/tools \

-e TW_TOKEN= \

-e TW_CONSOLE= \

--entrypoint="" \

\

/tools/twistcli images scan \

--containerized \

--details \

--address $TW_CONSOLE \

--token $TW_TOKEN \

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/tools/twistcli_scan_images

https://api.prismacloud.io/compliance Add Compliance Standard https://api.prismacloud.io/compliance/complianceld/requirement Add Compliance Requirement https://api.prismacloud.io/compliance/requirementld/section Add Compliance Requirement Section https://pan.dev/prisma-cloud/api/cspm/get-all-standards/

Prisma Cloud supports several serverless runtimes for vulnerability and compliance scans, including Python, Java, and Node.js. These runtimes are widely used in the development of serverless applications, which are designed to run in stateless compute containers that are event-triggered and fully managed by cloud services. By providing vulnerability and compliance scans for these serverless runtimes, Prisma Cloud helps organizations identify and remediate security issues within their serverless applications, ensuring that they adhere to security best practices and compliance standards. This capability is crucial for maintaining the security and integrity of serverless architectures, where traditional security approaches may not be applicable.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin/prisma-cloud-iam-security/integrate-prisma-cloud-with-okta

Prisma Cloud enables you to send notifications for new code and CI/CD security issues detected during periodic scans of your environments to messaging systems that you have integrated with Prisma Cloud. Supported messaging systems include Microsoft Teams, Slack, Splunk, JIRA, ServiceNow notification systems, as well as for webhooks.

https://docs.prismacloud.io/en/classic/appsec-admin-guide/get-started/finetune-configuration-settings/enable-notifications

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/tools/twistcli_scan_images

To create a custom policy within a cloud security platform like Prisma Cloud, security teams have the flexibility to either add a new policy from scratch or clone an existing one to serve as a foundation for customization. Adding a new policy allows for the creation of a completely tailored rule set based on specific security requirements. Cloning an existing policy, on the other hand, provides a quick start by using the structure of an already established policy, which can then be modified to fit particular needs. This approach is beneficial for maintaining consistency with existing policies while addressing unique security scenarios. Disabling an out-of-the-box policy (option C) or editing the query in an out-of-the-box policy (option D) are actions that might be taken to customize policy enforcement but do not equate to the creation of a new custom policy.

The correct RQL (Resource Query Language) that detected the vulnerability is:

config from cloud.resource where cloud.type = 'aws' and api.name = 'aws-iam-get-credential-report' AND json.rule = '(access_key_1_active is true and access_key_1_last_rotated != N/A and DateTime. ageInDays (access_key_1_last_rotated) > 90) or (access_key_2_active is true and access_key_2_last_rotated != N/A and _DateTime. ageInDays (access_key_2_last_rotated) > 90)'

This RQL is designed to check the age of the AWS IAM user's access keys to ensure that they are rotated within a recommended period, typically 90 days. If the access keys have not been rotated within this timeframe, it would be considered a security risk or vulnerability, as old keys may potentially be compromised. By enforcing access key rotation, it minimizes the risk of unauthorized access.

The reference for this type of policy check can be seen in cloud security best practices that advocate for regular rotation of access keys to minimize the potential impact of key compromise. CSPM tools like Prisma Cloud include such checks to automate compliance with these best practices.

In Prisma Cloud, Defender debug logs are essential for troubleshooting and understanding the Defender's operational behavior. The logs can be accessed through two primary methods:

A. The first method (B) involves using the Prisma Cloud Console's user interface. By navigating to Manage > Defenders > Manage > Defenders, administrators can select a deployed Defender from the list and access its logs by clicking Actions > Logs. This method provides a convenient way to view logs directly from the Console without the need to access the Defender host directly.

D. The second method (D) involves accessing the logs directly from the file system of the host where the Defender is deployed. The correct path for the Defender logs is /var/lib/twistlock/log/defender.log. This method is useful for situations where direct access to the host is available, and it allows for more in-depth troubleshooting by examining the raw log files.

Options A and C are incorrect because the paths and navigation steps provided do not accurately reflect the structure and functionality of Prisma Cloud's logging system.

A true statement about build and run policies is A. Build policies enable you to check for security misconfigurations in the IaC templates. This capability is crucial for identifying potential security issues early in the development process, allowing for proactive mitigation before deployment, thereby enhancing the overall security posture of the applications and infrastructure being developed.

The auto suggest works with the operators = and IN . It is not supported for array objects. Use cloud.type attribute to refine the search results. https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-rql-reference/rql-reference/event-query/event-query-attributes

To receive daily email alerts for all policy violations, the SOC team should configure an alert rule that encompasses all policies and sets the notification frequency to once per day. This can be achieved by:

• Navigating to the “Policies” tab within the alert rule configuration and selecting “All Policies” to ensure that the rule applies to every policy.
• Moving to the “Set Alert Notifications” tab and choosing the “Email” notification method.
• Setting the notification to “Recurring” with a frequency of every 1 day.
• Enabling the email notification by specifying the recipient’s email address.

This configuration ensures that the SOC team will receive a consolidated email once a day that includes information on all policies that have been violated, rather than receiving multiple alerts throughout the day as new violations occur. It allows the team to review the compliance status efficiently and prioritize their response accordingly.

Ensuring that builds can function properly after a Console upgrade in Prisma Cloud involves strategies that maintain compatibility and functionality with the latest versions of the Prisma Cloud tools and services.

• Option B: Updating any build environments that have twistcli included to use the latest version is crucial because twistcli is Prisma Cloud's CLI tool used for scanning images, serverless functions, and IaC for vulnerabilities and compliance issues. Ensuring that twistcli is up to date in all build environments guarantees compatibility with the latest features and security definitions provided by Prisma Cloud, as well as ensures that any new or updated policies and checks are accurately enforced during the build process.
• Option C: Configuring build pipelines to download twistcli at the start of each build ensures that the most current version of twistcli is used every time a build is initiated. This approach is beneficial in dynamic CI/CD environments where builds are frequent, and maintaining the latest security posture is critical. By downloading twistcli dynamically, teams can automatically adapt to any updates or changes introduced in the Prisma Cloud Console without manual intervention, ensuring seamless integration and continuous compliance with Prisma Cloud's security standards.

References:

• Prisma Cloud Documentation: Emphasizes the importance of keeping security tools up to date and integrating them into CI/CD pipelines for continuous security.
• Best Practices for Integrating Security Tools in CI/CD: Guides on how to effectively incorporate security scanning tools like twistcli into the CI/CD process to ensure builds are secure and compliant.

Configuring Single Sign-On (SSO) in Prisma Cloud requires the Identity Provider Issuer (Option B) and Certificate (Option C). The Identity Provider Issuer is a unique identifier for the SSO identity provider and is used by Prisma Cloud to establish trust and validate SSO responses. The Certificate, typically an X.509 certificate, is used to sign SSO assertions and ensure the security of the SSO communication. The Prisma Cloud Access SAML URL (Option A) is provided by Prisma Cloud to configure the SSO on the identity provider's side, not the other way around. The Identity Provider Logout URL (Option D) is used for single logout configurations but is not a required field for basic SSO configuration in Prisma Cloud.

The protection in the runtime rule that would cause the audit message indicating "/bin/ls launched and is explicitly blocked in the runtime rule" is related to "Processes". In container security, a runtime rule set to monitor and restrict processes can block specific executables or commands from running within a container. If the rule is triggered, it indicates that a process that is explicitly denied by the policy attempted to execute, which in this case is the 'ls' command.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/22-12/prisma-cloud-compute-edition-admin/runtime_defense/runtime_audits

The twistcli tool, part of Prisma Cloud's suite of security tools, supports various platforms for security scanning and configuration. The correct platforms supported by twistcli include:

• A. Linux: twistcli is widely used on Linux platforms for scanning container images, host vulnerabilities, and more, making it a correct choice.
• B. Windows: twistcli supports Windows, allowing users to perform security scans and checks on Windows-based systems, making it a correct choice.
• D. MacOS: twistcli is also compatible with MacOS, enabling security operations on Apple's operating system, making it a correct choice. Option C (Android) and E (Solaris) are not supported platforms for the twistcli tool, according to the available documentation on Prisma Cloud.

Prisma Cloud supports different scanning modes for its agentless scanning feature. Based on the context of cloud environments and typical terminology used in Prisma Cloud documentation, "Spoke Account Mode" and "Hub Account Mode" are plausible modes supported for agentless scanning. These modes allow for the extension of scanning capabilities across multiple accounts, with 'Spoke' typically referring to linked accounts and 'Hub' referring to the central account in a hub-and-spoke architecture. Hence, the correct answers are A and B.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/upgrade/upgrade_process_saas After the Console has been upgraded, check and upgrade any of the Defenders that have reached the end of their support lifecycle (Defenders are backward compatible for N-2 releases). The Defender release image is built from the UBI8-minimal base image and on upgrade it is a full container image upgrade, which means that the old Defender container is replaced with a new container. Then, upgrade all other Prisma Cloud components, such as the Jenkins plugin.

In the event a user is unable to log in to the Prisma Cloud Console, Audit Logs serve as a critical area for investigating the issue. Audit Logs provide a detailed record of activities, including login attempts, within the Prisma Cloud environment. By examining the Audit Logs, administrators can identify failed login attempts, understand the reasons behind login failures (e.g., incorrect credentials, account lockouts, or access policy changes), and take appropriate actions to resolve the login issues, ensuring users can access the console as expected.

In Prisma Cloud, to automatically enable all severity levels for alerts, a user would need to navigate to the Policies section, then to Settings. Within this area, there is an option for "auto-enable default policies," which, when checked for all severity levels, ensures that any default policies related to those severities are automatically activated. This is a configuration setting that streamlines the alerting process by ensuring that all relevant severity levels are covered by the default policies without the need for manual intervention.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin/prisma-cloud-policies/manage-prisma-cloud-policies

Step 1- To enable global settings for Prisma Cloud default policies click "Settings" and select "Enterprise Settings" Step 2- To enable policies based on severity, select Auto enable new default policies of the type—Critical, High, Medium, Low or Informational.

Retrieving Prisma Cloud Console images involves accessing a specific registry provided by Palo Alto Networks and authenticating using basic authentication with 'docker login'. Once authenticated, the user can pull the Prisma Cloud Console images using the 'docker pull' command. This process is part of the initial setup for deploying Prisma Cloud Console in an environment, allowing users to obtain the necessary images to run the Console, which serves as the central management interface for Prisma Cloud. The detailed steps, including the specific registry URL and authentication method, are typically provided in the Prisma Cloud documentation, ensuring that users have the information needed to successfully retrieve and deploy Console images.