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Deane's friend takes her to the mall every week. She frequently hugs people whom she does not know. The behavior analyst wants to use an intervention that includes reinforcement of appropriate behavior when Deane does something other than hugging. Which intervention would be MOST appropriate?
Mary Lee has been working on compliance. Given the same mand, in a 15-min. segment, Mary Lee complied with her teacher 4/5 times, her speech therapist, physical education teacher and mother 2/5 times. Six months later, given the same mand, in a 15-min. segment, Mary Lee complied with the bus driver 4/5 times, her physical therapist 4/5 times, the lunch lady 4/5 times and the vice-principal 4/5 times. This scenario is an example oF.
Reinforcing closer and closer approximations to the final desired behavior involves:
A child with food refusal behaviors accepts one bite out of the ten bites that her caregiver offered. What measure should be used to record this behavior?
To teach Beth to wash her hands, staff trained Beth in all the steps identified in the task analysis in each session. They also introduced prompts in successive levels if Beth did not respond after a two-second waiting period. Which behavior chaining procedure was used in this program?
What is a likely benefit of having trained a client to say both "truck" and "vehicle" in response to your saying "fire engine"? The client will now likely:
Available resources, applicable federal and state laws, programmatic costs, and a person's adaptive skills, learning history, and personal interests should all be considered as part of the process oF.
Missy is using a multiple probe across participants design to evaluate the effects of peer tutoring to teach three students to complete division problems. These three students have had no prior instruction in division. Missy MOST LIKELY chose a multiple probe design rather than a multiple baseline design becausE.
One of the MOST important reasons for writing a precise definition of behavior is that a precise definition:
A teacher tells students that completing assignments will help them to do well on the exam. How can the teacher ensure that this will be an effective rule?
Teaching a receptive-identification task falls in the category of _____ instruction.
A parent reports that her 2-year-old daughter uses a number of stalling techniques to avoid bedtime once she is told to go to bed. What would be a good progress measure for going to bed when told?
Which of the following is NOT a consideration when evaluating extinction as a possible intervention?
Three boys with autism, ages 7–10 years old, served as participants in a study. During baseline, staff used response blocking when five instances of aggression or head-banging occurred within 10 seconds, until attempts ceased for 1 minute. During baseline and treatment, each occurrence of aggression and head-banging was recorded daily and converted to the number of responses per hour. Treatment comprised a differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) schedule coupled with response blocking after every head-banging or aggression. The staff initially applied the treatment to head-banging, while continuing to take a baseline on aggression.
After noting treatment effects on head-banging, the staff then applied the treatment to aggression.
In this scenario, how was direct replication shown?
The "hero procedure" refers to a contingency in which an individual, or small group, earns a reward for a class. This procedure is an example of what type of group contingency?
An experimental design that starts with a baseline phase, followed by a treatment phase, then another baseline phase, and ends in the same type of treatment phase is called a (n):
Fara has identified two procedures that have an equal probability of being effective. In order to select the better procedure, she should
Holly is learning to use a spoon to feed herself. Applesauce is known to function as a reinforcer. Her teacher has selected the following objective for Holly: "Given a spoon and a 3-ounce dish of applesauce, Holly will independently scoop the applesauce to her mouth." This objective is incomplete. Which component is missing?
Observation sessions should be scheduled so that the representativeness of the data can be maximized. Considering behaviors occurring in a school setting, which of the following options is consistent with this recommendation?
Which of the following measures would be the MOST appropriate for reporting head banging during each 5-minute interval of work?
When presenting extinction as a possible treatment option to a client and his or her family, it is MOST important for a behavior analyst to
Jamie frequently falls to the floor and screams at school. Preliminary behavioral assessment data indicate that his tantrums are maintained by attention and escape from demand situations. Jamie's behavior analyst wants to examine precisely how attention and escape conditions affect these behaviors. The behavior analyst does not want to conduct the analysis in Jamie's classroom because she would not be able to control for potentially important factors. Relating to this scenario, which statement is TRUE?
A behavior analyst specializing in developmental disabilities is informed by a cousin at a family gathering that their 2-year-old child has just received a diagnosis of autism and severe intellectual disability. The cousin asks the behavior analyst for advice. Which statement BEST conforms to the ethical and professional standards for behavior analysts?
Three boys with autism, ages 7–10 years old, served as participants in a study. During baseline, staff used response blocking when five instances of aggression or head-banging occurred within 10 seconds, until attempts ceased for 1 minute. During baseline and treatment, each occurrence of aggression and head-banging was recorded daily and converted to the number of responses per hour. Treatment comprised a differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) schedule coupled with response blocking after every head-banging or aggression. The staff initially applied the treatment to head-banging, while continuing to take a baseline on aggression. After noting treatment effects on head-banging, the staff then applied the treatment to aggression.
What is the independent variable?
Fred does not follow some of the directives imposed by the direct care staff. A behavior analyst has been asked to put a program in place that will get Fred to comply with all directives. The behavior analyst should FIRST
A behavior analyst is working with an adult client, who is deemed competent. There are multiple potential behavior targets that need to be addressed including smoking cigarettes, nail biting, and compulsive hand washing. As a first goal, the behavior analyst wants the client to focus on eliminating smoking but the client would prefer to focus on nail biting. The behavior analyst shoulD.
To change the occurrence of hitting others, two procedures were compareD. differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior and time-out. The outcomes were examined within and across subjects. A withdrawal design was employed. An independent variable in this study was:
A behavior analyst responsible for the evaluation of a behavior change program has been unable to get others to collect data on the targeted behaviors. The others involved, including other service providers, are relying on personal anecdotes and questionnaires to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. The primary consumer reports satisfaction with the results so far. To evaluate the program, the behavior analyst should:
Imitation training can be made MOST beneficial for clients when it includes a range oF.
A change in which of the following could NOT function as a stimulus for triggering an episode of aggression in a student?
Which measurement would be MOST useful when evaluating a procedure designed to teach a person to respond at a uniform pace?
Which of the following would MOST clearly demonstrate a functional relationship?
A verbal response to a verbal stimulus where the correspondence between stimulus and response is arbitrary and derived from the verbal community is:
A behavior analyst is doing some staff training in a facility. The first step is to have the staff read a "How To" manual. The behavior analyst notices that after reading the manual, staff seem to be doing some things specified in the readings, such as giving praise after adaptive behavior. This is an example oF.
A caregiver says, "Touch your nose." The child accurately touches his nose. The child's response is an example of a (n):
After saying, "ball," Kelly presents five objects to her student, Bryan. When Bryan selects the ball, Kelly delivers a high-preference item. Bryan is learning to:
Response prompts are supplementary _________ stimuli that _________ the likelihood that the target behavior will be emitted.
When LeRoy sees his father arrive home, he begins to clean his room. Given this information, we can conclude ONLY that the father's arrival is:
Mark is a 28-year-old man with multiple physical disabilities. The doctor and physical therapist have recommended a variety of positions to benefit Mark's overall health. When Mark is placed in a prescribed position, he yells, arches his back, and bites his wrist. Subsequently, Mark slips out of position. The behavior analyst seeks to help Mark tolerate his positions. Which statement BEST defines a treatment goal?
Reinforcing "picking up shoe" in a shoe-tying program would be an example of a step in which type of training procedure?
A behavior analyst is investigating fixed ratio schedules of praise delivery to determine which is most effective for changing the rate of question-asking by a 10-year-old child. This is an example oF.
Why should extinction be used in combination with reinforcement-based procedures?
According to the BACB Guidelines for Responsible Conduct, documenting professional and scientific work is necessary to:
A 4-year-old child is lying in bed at night while the parents are sitting in the living room talking to guests. The child begins to make loud noises. In the past, the parents have gone into the child's room to quiet him. The parents and guests agree to ignore the child completely and continue to talk. If the parents stick with this approach and the child stops making noises, the parents have successfully useD.
A behavior analyst for a local group home has a case involving a person who engages in spitting. First, the behavior analyst conducts a functional assessment and takes a week of baseline data. An intervention is designed and tested for two weeks. The behavior analyst then implements a brief return to baseline, followed by a return to the intervention. This process is primarily an example of which fundamental characteristic of behavior analysis?
The dependency between a response and the stimuli that precede and follow it is referred to as a
When demands are placed on Raoul, he is often observed to hit his head, bite his hand, or slap the therapist. These behaviors are reinforced by termination of the demands. Taken together, these behaviors comprise
Billy, a 20-year-old male, has the capacity to give consent for treatment. The behavior analyst has developed a program and explained it to Billy. Procedures, benefits, rights, and other information also were shown to him. The one element still needed for informed consent is approval from
A child's behavior is being reinforced on a VR 8 schedule during intensive teaching. During the sessions, the child begins to get out of the chair. In order to address this problem, the behavior analyst should switch to which schedule?
Mr. Myers asks Susan what her favorite food is. Susan answers, "Spaghetti." This is an example of a (n):
Once a stimulus has been determined to function as a reinforcer in a particular contingency, which of the following is likely to be true?
The PRIMARY advantage of using a multiple baseline design across subjects is that:
When setting criteria for behavior change, behavior analysts attempt to implement the simplest mode of intervention necessary to elicit the desired outcome. As such, the identified outcome criteria should be
What is the MOST important measure of behavior when the goal is to decrease the number of cigarettes smoked per day?
TESTED 21 Nov 2024