AZ-104 Sample Questions Answers

Routing preference is a feature that allows you to configure how network traffic is routed to your storage account from clients over the internet. By default, traffic from the internet is routed to the public endpoint of your storage account over the Microsoft global network, which is optimized for low-latency path selection and high reliability. Both inbound and outbound traffic are routed through the point of presence (POP) that is closest to the client. This ensures that traffic to and from your storage account traverses over the Microsoft global network for the bulk of its path, maximizing network performance. You can also change the routing preference to use internet routing, which minimizes the traversal of your traffic over the Microsoft global network, handing it off to the transit ISP at the earliest opportunity. This lowers networking costs, but may compromise network performance. Therefore, to ensure that inbound user traffic uses the Microsoft POP closest to the user’s location, you should configure routing preference to use the Microsoft global network as the default routing option for your storage account.

References:

Network routing preference for Azure Storage

Configure network routing preference for Azure Storage

Users = User1, User2, User3, User4 (can delete all users whether a license is assigned directly or via inheritance from a group membership) Groups = Group 2 and Group 4 (Groups with active license assignments cannot be deleted. You get an error)

D: Seamless SSO works with any method of cloud authentication - Password Hash Synchronization or Pass-through Authentication, and can be enabled via Azure AD Connect.

B: You can gradually roll out Seamless SSO to your users. You start by adding the following Azure AD URL to all or selected users' Intranet zone settings by using Group Policy in Active Directory: https://autologon.microsoftazuread-sso.com

Every Azure AD directory comes with an initial domain name in the form of domainname.onmicrosoft.com.

The initial domain name cannot be changed or deleted, but you can add your corporate domain name to Azure AD as well. For example, your organization probably has other domain names used to do business and users who sign in using your corporate domain name. Adding custom domain names to Azure AD allows you to assign user names in the directory that are familiar to your users, such as ‘alice@contoso.com.’ instead of 'alice@domain name.onmicrosoft.com'.

Scenario:

Network Infrastructure: Each office has a local data center that contains all the servers for that office. Each office has a dedicated connection to the Internet.

Humongous Insurance has a single-domain Active Directory forest named humongousinsurance.com

Planned Azure AD Infrastructure: The on-premises Active Directory domain will be synchronized to Azure AD.

References:

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/fundamentals/add-custom-domain

Once the VNets are peered, all resources on one VNet can communicate with resources on the other peered VNets. You plan to enable peering between Paris-VNet and AllOffices-VNet. Therefore VMs on Subnet1, which is on Paris-VNet and VMs on Subnet3, which is on AllOffices-VNet will be able to connect to each other.

All Azure resources connected to a VNet have outbound connectivity to the Internet by default. Therefore VMs on ClientSubnet, which is on ClientResources-VNet will have access to the Internet; and VMs on Subnet3 and Subnet4, which are on AllOffices-VNet will have access to the Internet.

B: You can gradually roll out Seamless SSO to your users. You start by adding the following Azure AD URL to all or selected users' Intranet zone settings by using Group Policy in Active Directory: https://autologon.microsoftazuread-sso.com

E: Seamless SSO works with any method of cloud authentication - Password Hash Synchronization or Pass-through Authentication, and can be enabled via Azure AD Connect.

References:

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/hybrid/how-to-connect-sso-quick-start

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/backup/backup-azure-files?tabs=backup-center

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/backup/backup-azure-vms-first-look-arm#back-up-from-azure-vm-settings

IdFix is used to perform discovery and remediation of identity objects and their attributes in an on-premises Active Directory environment in preparation for migration to Azure Active Directory. IdFix is intended for the Active Directory administrators responsible for directory synchronization with Azure Active Directory.

Scenario: Active Directory Issue

Several users in humongousinsurance.com have UPNs that contain special characters.

You suspect that some of the characters are unsupported in Azure AD.

References: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=36832

Explanation

Scenario:

1. Web administrators will deploy Azure web apps for the marketing department.

2. Each web app will be added to a separate resource group.

3. The initial configuration of the web apps will be identical.

4. The web administrators have permission to deploy web apps to resource groups.

Steps:

1 --> Create a resource group, and then deploy a web app to the resource group.

2 --> From the Automation script blade of the resource group , click Add to Library.

3 --> From the Templates service, select the template, and then share the template to the web administrators .

References:

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-resource-manager/templates/quickstart-create-templates-use-the-portal

You can use either a CNAME record or an A record to map a custom DNS name to App Service. You should use CNAME records for all custom DNS names except root domains (for example, contoso.com). For root domains, use A records. Reference: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/Azure/app-service/app-service-web-tutorial-custom-domain

Task 1: IP flow verify

The IP flow verify capability enables you to specify a source and destination IPv4 address, port, protocol (TCP or UDP), and traffic direction (inbound or outbound). IP flow verify then tests the communication and informs you if the connection succeeds or fails. If the connection fails, IP flow verify tells you which security rule allowed or denied the communication, so that you can resolve the problem.

Task 2: Connection troubleshoot

The connection troubleshoot capability enables you to test a connection between a VM and another VM, an FQDN, a URI, or an IPv4 address. The test returns similar information returned when using the connection monitor capability, but tests the connection at a point in time, rather than monitoring it over time.

Perform all actions on a virtual network:

“Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/*”

 View the configuration data of a storage account:

“Microsoft.Storage/StorageAccounts/read”

To perform all actions on a virtual network, you need to use the wildcard () character in the action string, which grants access to all actions that match the string. The action string for virtual networks is "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/". To view the configuration data of a storage account, you need to use the read action substring in the action string, which enables read actions (GET). The action string for storage accounts is “Microsoft.Storage/StorageAccounts/read”. References:

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/role-based-access-control/role-definitions

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/role-based-access-control/built-in-roles

To back up a web app, you need to configure a custom backup that specifies a storage account and a container as the target for the backup1. The storage account must be in the same subscription as the web app, and the container must be accessible by the web app2. The backup size is limited to 10 GB, and the backup frequency can be configured to minimize costs.

According to the table, storage1 is the only storage account that meets these requirements. Storage1 is in the same subscription and region as the web app, and it is a general-purpose v2 account that supports custom backups. Storage2 and storage3 are in a different region than the web app, which may incur additional costs for data transfer. Storage4 is a FilesStorage account, which does not support custom backups.

Therefore, you should use storage1 as the target for the backup of your web app. To configure a custom backup, you can follow these steps:

In your app management page in the Azure portal, in the left menu, select Backups.

At the top of the Backups page, select Configure custom backups.

In Storage account, select storage1. Do the same with Container.

Specify the backup frequency, retention period, and database settings as needed.

Click Configure.

At the top of the Backups page, select Backup Now.

Image 1: Azure Container Apps only.image 2: Azure Container Instances, Azure Container Apps, and App Services.

The images you have in your Azure subscription are different types of container images that can run on different Azure services. A container image is a package of software that includes everything needed to run an application, such as code, libraries, dependencies, and configuration files. Container images are portable and consistent across different environments, such as development, testing, and production.

Azure Container Instances is a service that allows you to run containers directly on the Azure cloud, without having to manage any infrastructure or orchestrators. You can use Azure Container Instances to run any container image that is compatible with the Docker image format and follows the Open Container Initiative (OCI) specification. You can also run Windows or Linux containers on Azure Container Instances.

Azure Container Apps is a service that allows you to build and deploy cloud-native applications and microservices using serverless containers. You can use Azure Container Apps to run any container image that is compatible with the Docker image format and follows the Open Container Initiative (OCI) specification. You can also run Windows or Linux containers on Azure Container Apps.

Azure App Service is a service that allows you to build and host web applications, mobile backends, and RESTful APIs using various languages and frameworks. You can use Azure App Service to run custom container images that are compatible with the Docker image format and follow the App Service Docker image contract. You can also run Windows or Linux containers on Azure App Service.

Box 1: Create a Recovery Services vault

Create a Recovery Services vault on the Azure Portal.

Box 2: Install the Azure Site Recovery Provider

Azure Site Recovery can be used to manage migration of on-premises machines to Azure.

Scenario: Migrate the virtual machines hosted on Server1 and Server2 to Azure.

Server2 has the Hyper-V host role.

References:

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/site-recovery/migrate-tutorial-on-premises-azure

Scenario: Create a workflow to send an email message when the settings of VM4 are modified.

You can start an automated logic app workflow when specific events happen in Azure resources or third-party resources. These resources can publish those events to an Azure event grid. In turn, the event grid pushes those events to subscribers that have queues, webhooks, or event hubs as endpoints. As a subscriber, your logic app can wait for those events from the event grid before running automated workflows to perform tasks - without you writing any code.

References:

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/event-grid/monitor-virtual-machine-changes-event-grid-logic-app

Scenario: Litware must meet technical requirements including:

Ensure that VM3 can establish outbound connections over TCP port 8080 to the applications servers in the Montreal office.

IP flow verify checks if a packet is allowed or denied to or from a virtual machine. The information consists of direction, protocol, local IP, remote IP, local port, and remote port. If the packet is denied by a security group, the name of the rule that denied the packet is returned. While any source or destination IP can be chosen, IP flow verify helps administrators quickly diagnose connectivity issues from or to the internet and from or to the on-premises environment.

References:

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/network-watcher/network-watcher-ip-flow-verify-overview

Box 1: Create a virtual network gateway and a local network gateway.

Azure VPN gateway. The VPN gateway service enables you to connect the VNet to the on-premises network through a VPN appliance. For more information, see Connect an on-premises network to a Microsoft Azure virtual network. The VPN gateway includes the following elements:

Virtual network gateway. A resource that provides a virtual VPN appliance for the VNet. It is responsible for routing traffic from the on-premises network to the VNet.

Local network gateway. An abstraction of the on-premises VPN appliance. Network traffic from the cloud application to the on-premises network is routed through this gateway.

Connection. The connection has properties that specify the connection type (IPSec) and the key shared with the on-premises VPN appliance to encrypt traffic.

Gateway subnet. The virtual network gateway is held in its own subnet, which is subject to various requirements, described in the Recommendations section below.

Box 2: Configure a site-to-site VPN connection

On premises create a site-to-site connection for the virtual network gateway and the local network gateway.

Scenario: Connect the New York office to VNet1 over the Internet by using an encrypted connection.

Technically, The finance department needs to migrate their users from AD to AAD using AADC based on the finance OU, and need to enforce MFA use. This is conditional access policy. Employees also often get promotions and/or join other departments and when that occurs, the user's OU attribute will change when the admin puts the user in a new OU, and the dynamic group conditional access exception (OU= [Department Name Value]) will move the user to the appropriate dynamic group on next AADC delta sync.

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/enterprise-users/groups-dynamic-membership

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/conditional-access/overview

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/authentication/howto-mfa-userstates

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/common/storage-use-azcopy-v10#download-azcopy

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/role-based-access-control/tutorial-custom-role-powershell

Get-AzRoleDefinition -Name "Reader" | ConvertTo-Json

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/az.resources/get-azroledefinition?view=azps-5.9.0

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/role-based-access-control/tutorial-custom-role-powershell

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/convertto-json?view=powershell-7.1

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/azuread/get-azureaddirectoryrole?view=azureadps-2.0

Change the Service administrator for an Azure subscription

Sign in to Account Center as the Account administrator.

Select a subscription.

On the right side, select Edit subscription details.

Scenario: Designate a new user named Admin1 as the service administrator of the Azure subscription.

References: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/billing/billing-add-change-azure-subscription-administrator

A Recovery Services vault is a logical container that stores the backup data for each protected resource, such as Azure VMs. When the backup job for a protected resource runs, it creates a recovery point inside the Recovery Services vault.

Scenario:

There are three application tiers, each with five virtual machines.

Move all the virtual machines for App1 to Azure.

Ensure that all the virtual machines for App1 are protected by backups.

References: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/backup/quick-backup-vm-portal

Active Directory Federation Services is a feature and web service in the Windows Server Operating System that allows sharing of identity information outside a company’s network.

Scenario: Technical Requirements include:

Prevent user passwords or hashes of passwords from being stored in Azure.

References: https://www.sherweb.com/blog/active-directory-federation-services/

Statement 1: Yes

Contoso is moving the existing product blueprint files to Azure Blob storage which will ensure that the blueprint files are stored in the archive storage tier.

Use unmanaged standard storage for the hard disks of the virtual machines. We use Page Blobs for these.

Statement 2: No

Azure Table storage stores large amounts of structured data. The service is a NoSQL datastore which accepts authenticated calls from inside and outside the Azure cloud. Azure tables are ideal for storing structured, non-relational data. Common uses of Table storage include:

1. Storing TBs of structured data capable of serving web scale applications

2. Storing datasets that don't require complex joins, foreign keys, or stored procedures and can be denormalized for fast access

3. Quickly querying data using a clustered index

4. Accessing data using the OData protocol and LINQ queries with WCF Data Service .NET Libraries

Statement 3: No

File Storage can be used if your business use case needs to deal mostly with standard File extensions like *.docx, *.png and *.bak then you should probably go with this storage option.

Azure Storage Explorer is a free tool from Microsoft that allows you to work with Azure Storage data on Windows, macOS, and Linux. You can use it to upload and download data from Azure blob storage.

Scenario:

Planned Changes include: move the existing product blueprint files to Azure Blob storage.

Technical Requirements include: Copy the blueprint files to Azure over the Internet.

References: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/machine-learning/team-data-science-process/move-data-to-azure-blob-using-azure-storage-explorer

As App1 is public-facing we need an incoming security rule, related to the access of the web servers.

Scenario: You have a public-facing application named App1. App1 is comprised of the following three tiers: a SQL database, a web front end, and a processing middle tier.

Each tier is comprised of five virtual machines. Users access the web front end by using HTTPS only.

Box 1: Selected

Only selected users should be able to join devices

Box 2: Yes

Require Multi-Factor Auth to join devices.

From scenario:

Ensure that only users who are part of a group named Pilot can join devices to Azure AD

Ensure that when users join devices to Azure Active Directory (Azure AD), the users use a mobile phone to verify their identity.

This reference architecture shows how to deploy VMs and a virtual network configured for an N-tier application, using SQL Server on Windows for the data tier.

Scenario: You have a public-facing application named App1. App1 is comprised of the following three tiers:

A SQL database

A web front end

A processing middle tier

Each tier is comprised of five virtual machines. Users access the web front end by using HTTPS only.

Technical requirements include:

Move all the virtual machines for App1 to Azure.

Minimize the number of open ports between the App1 tiers.

References: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/architecture/reference-architectures/n-tier/n-tier-sql-server

Every Azure AD directory comes with an initial domain name in the form of domainname.onmicrosoft.com. The initial domain name cannot be changed or deleted, but you can add your corporate domain name to Azure AD as well. For example, your organization probably has other domain names used to do business and users who sign in using your corporate domain name. Adding custom domain names to Azure AD allows you to assign user names in the directory that are familiar to your users, such as ‘alice@contoso.com.’ instead of 'alice@domain name.onmicrosoft.com'.

Scenario:

Network Infrastructure: Each office has a local data center that contains all the servers for that office. Each office has a dedicated connection to the Internet.

Humongous Insurance has a single-domain Active Directory forest named humongousinsurance.com

Planned Azure AD Infrastructure: The on-premises Active Directory domain will be synchronized to Azure AD.

References: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/fundamentals/add-custom-domain

Cost analysis: Correct Option

In cost analysis blade of Azure, you can see all the detail for custom time span. You can use this to determine expenditure of last few day, weeks, and month. Below options are available in Cost analysis blade for filtering information by time span:  last 7 days, last 30 days, and custom date range. Choosing the first option (last 7 days) auditors can view the costs by time span.

Cost analysis shows data for the current month by default. Use the date selector to switch to common date ranges quickly. Examples include the last seven days, the last month, the current year, or a custom date range. Pay-as-you-go subscriptions also include date ranges based on your billing period, which isn't bound to the calendar month, like the current billing period or last invoice. Use the  links at the top of the menu to jump to the previous or next period, respectively. For example, 

Invoice: Incorrect Option

Invoices can only be used for past billing periods not for current billing period, i.e. if your requirement is to know the last week's cost then that also not filled by invoices because Azure  generates invoice at the end of the month. Even though Invoices have custom timespan, but when you put in dates for a week, the pane would be empty. Below is from Microsoft document:

Resource Provider: Incorrect Option

When deploying resources, you frequently need to retrieve information about the resource providers and types. For example, if you want to store keys and secrets, you work with the Microsoft.KeyVault resource provider. This resource provider offers a resource type called vaults for creating the key vault. This is not useful for reviewing all Azure costs from the past week which is required for audit.

Payment method: Incorrect Option

Payment methods is not useful for reviewing all Azure costs from the past week which is required for audit.

You can opt in and configure additional recipients to receive your Azure invoice in an email. This feature may not be available for certain subscriptions such as support offers, Enterprise Agreements, or Azure in Open.

Select your subscription from the Subscriptions page. Opt-in for each subscription you own. Click Invoices then Email my invoice.

Click Opt in and accept the terms.

Scenario: During the testing phase, auditors in the finance department must be able to review all Azure costs from the past week.

References: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/billing/billing-download-azure-invoice-daily-usage-date

Statement 1: Yes

All client computers in the Paris office will be joined to an Azure AD domain.

A virtual network named Paris-VNet that will contain two subnets named Subnet1 and Subnet2.

Microsoft Windows Server Active Directory domains, can resolve DNS names between virtual networks. Automatic registration of virtual machines from a virtual network that's linked to a private zone with auto-registration enabled. Forward DNS resolution is supported across virtual networks that are linked to the private zone.

Statement 2: Yes

A virtual network named ClientResources-VNet that will contain one subnet named ClientSubnet You plan to create a private DNS zone named humongousinsurance.local and set the registration network to the ClientResources-VNet virtual network.

As this is a registration network so this will work.

Statement 3: No

Only VMs in the registration network, here the ClientResources-VNet, will be able to register hostname records. Since Subnet4 not connected to Client Resources Network thus not able to register its hostname with humongoinsurance.local

Scenario: Licensing Issue

1. You attempt to assign a license in Azure to several users and receive the following error message: "Licenses not assigned. License agreement failed for one user."

2. You verify that the Azure subscription has the available licenses.

Solution:

License cannot be assigned to a user without a usage location specified.

Some Microsoft services aren't available in all locations because of local laws and regulations. Before you can assign a license to a user, you must specify the Usage location property for the user. You can specify the location under the User > Profile > Settings section in the Azure portal.