C++ Institute CLA-11-03 Dumps

The program outputs 4 because the expression i << 2 performs a left shift operation on the binary representation of i, which is 00000010, by two bits, resulting in 00001000, which is equivalent to 8 in decimal. Then, the expression d /= 2 performs a division assignment operation, which divides d by 2 and assigns the result back to d, resulting in 4. The printf function then prints the value of d as a decimal integer using the %d format specifier.

References = CLA – C Certified Associate Programmer Certification, [C Essentials 2 - (Intermediate)], C Bitwise Operators, C Assignment Operators

The program outputs 12.300000 because the printf function prints the value of f with a precision of 6 decimal places, which is the default precision for floating-point literals in C. The %f format specifier indicates that the argument is a floating-point value, and the space before it indicates that there should be a decimal point. The argument f is a float literal that represents 1e1 + 2e0 + 3e-1, which is equivalent to 1000000000 + 20000000 + 0.003 in decimal notation. Therefore, the output of the pro-gram is:

1e1 + 2e0 + 3e-1 = 1000000000 + 20000000 + 0.003 = 1230000000.003 = 123300000

The other options are incorrect because they either do not match the output of the program or do not use the correct format specifier for floating-point literals.

The provided C program defines a struct S with one member i, a function fun that takes a struct S as an argument and decrements its i member, and a main function that creates a struct S, calls fun with it, and then prints the value of i from the struct.

Let's go through the main points of the program:

1.struct S str1 = { 2 }; initializes a struct S with i set to 2.

2.fun(str1); is called with str1 as an argument. However, since str1 is passed by val-ue, a copy of str1 is made for the function. The fun function then decrements i within its own copy of str1, and this decrement does not affect the original str1 in main.

3.k = str1.i; assigns the value of str1.i (which remains 2 because fun operated on a copy) to k.

4.printf("%d",k); prints the value of k, which is 2.

Given this, the correct answer is:

D. The program outputs 2.